This is the outcome of an October 19, 2025 conversation between Michael Herman and Copilot.
Copyright © 2025 Michael Herman (Bindloss, Alberta, Canada) – Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License
Developer Incentives: Fragmentation vs Aggregation
Super apps flip the traditional developer model:
Old ModelSuper App ModelBuild standalone appsBuild mini-programs or plug-ins within super appsCompete for store visibilityCompete for in-app placement and promotionMonetize via ads or subscriptionsMonetize via bundled services, commissions, or shared revenue poolsOwn user dataShare or rent access to super app user base
Strategic Shifts
- Incentive realignment: Developers trade independence for reach. The super app offers instant distribution, but at the cost of brand autonomy and data ownership.
- Modular architecture: Developers must adopt SDKs, APIs, and design systems tailored to the host super app.
- Revenue reshuffling: Instead of direct monetization, developers may earn through usage-based payouts, affiliate models, or loyalty programs.
Platform Governance: Centralization vs Regulation
Super apps challenge traditional platform governance:
App Store GovernanceSuper App GovernanceApple/Google set rulesSuper app owner sets rules (e.g. WeChat, Grab)OS-level privacy and securityApp-level identity, payments, and data controlRegulatory oversight (DMA, GDPR)Emerging scrutiny over super app monopolies
Governance Tensions
- Regulatory gray zones: Super apps blur lines between platform and app, raising questions about antitrust, data sovereignty, and consumer protection.
- Policy fragmentation: Developers must navigate not only OS-level rules but also super app-specific governance—creating multi-layered compliance burdens.
- User lock-in: Super apps centralize identity, payments, and services, making it harder for users to switch ecosystems—potentially triggering regulatory intervention.
Strategic Forecast
- Developers will increasingly specialize in microservices, loyalty mechanics, and embedded commerce.
- Platforms may respond with their own super app strategies (e.g. Apple Pay + Messages + Maps integration) or loosen restrictions to retain developer loyalty.
- Regulators will likely push for interoperability, data portability, and transparency in super app ecosystems.